", You can use the steps below to configure whether actions and reusable workflows in a private repository can be accessed from outside the repository. however for some of my remotes, this opens a password prompt & hangs indefinitely. Console . First, we need to add federated credentials to an Azure application: We then specify that the credentials will be used in the context of a GitHub Actions workflow: The most important part lies in the configuration of the issuer and the subject identifier, which together define the trust relationship. All GitHub docs are open source. Interesting. To automate the detection of unprotected secrets in all commits of a repository, tools like TruffleHog3 and Gitleaks4 can come in handy. If you are already using credential caching, please make sure that your computer has the correct credentials cached. By default, when you create a new repository in your personal account, GITHUB_TOKEN only has read access for the contents and packages scopes. During our Red Team exercise, we managed to get access to an account which had read access over multiple Azure key vaults, allowing us to get other interesting secrets which eventually led to the compromise of some parts of our customer's cloud infrastructure. This way, a GitHub Actions workflow running on the 1yGUFNkFUT8VmEfjztRNjgrfH3AgzV/test_oidc2 repository, on a test-branch branch and in the context of the TEST_ENV environment will be able to get access tokens as the CICD-SP-OIDC-GitHub Azure application. Since they can be used to deploy applications, they often need a lot of permissions, which turned out to be very interesting for us. remote: Write access to repository not granted. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. username will be static but the password generates everytime. Several tools can be used to monitor this kind of activity. There are multiple types of service connections in Azure DevOps. In this case, there is no need to restore anything, since we do not want to leave traces of our branch anyway. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. All in all, both of those come from this main article about Personal Access Tokens in general. This is already supported by GitHub Actions and should be added as an Azure DevOps feature in 2023 Q2 (public preview)9. ), How to push to organisation's repo on github, Remote origin already exists on 'git push' to a new repository, Remove directory from remote repository after adding them to .gitignore, GitHub "fatal: remote origin already exists", Git, fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly, gpg failed to sign the data fatal: failed to write commit object [Git 2.10.0], Unable to push remote repository to my repo, Message "Support for password authentication was removed. Has Microsoft lowered its Windows 11 eligibility criteria? A workflow YAML file for the above case would look like as follows: By pushing such a workflow, Nord Stream is able to automatically generate access tokens for Azure. For more information about using the * wildcard, see "Workflow syntax for GitHub Actions.". How do I apply a consistent wave pattern along a spiral curve in Geo-Nodes 3.3? It is based on the concept of workflows, which automate the execution of code when an event happens. but doubled checked url is the exact match to git remote add origin . rev2023.3.1.43269. Each personal access token has one or multiple scopes such as8: An interesting scope is workflow, because it grants the ability to add and update GitHub Actions workflow files (we will detail the concept of workflow right after). Maybe that's different between the repositories? Click Save to apply the settings. These permissions have a default setting, set in the organization or repository level. rev2023.3.1.43269. Clean the logs as much as possible (useful for Red Team engagements). It is possible to list them with Nord Stream: To extract a secure file, the following YAML file can be used: The role of the DownloadSecureFile@1 task is to download the specified secure file to the agent machine. @gdvalderrama Thank you for your feedback. A new permissions key supported at the workflow and job level enables you to specify which permissions you want for the token. By default, all first-time contributors require approval to run workflows. Each token can only access specific repositories. ", Git Not Allowing to push changes to remote Repo, Cannot push branch to git(remote: Write access to repository not granted. This is located in Actions -> General. Thats not the one to be used. Like secret variables in variable groups, secure files are protected resources. This begs the question, if you are an organization using GitHub, but havent yet gotten started with GitHub Actions, should you be worried about GitHub Actions attack surface, even if you never installed or used it in your organization? The same YAML file is generated but to specify an environment, the environment parameter is added. Another interesting kind of service connections is the GitHub one. Therefore, they can only be consumed from a task within a pipeline. In my case, I've used fine granted PAT, with all permissions, but somehow it doesn't work. Locate the desired repository in the list of repositories and click Manage. On a personal account repository, Collaborator permissions are at least required. Fine-grained tokens, The max expiration date is 1 year and has to be manually set. For public repositories: you can change this retention period to anywhere between 1 day or 90 days. This can be explained by the difficulty to maintain and deploy multiple projects at the same time. After obtaining a GitHub personal token, it is possible to use the GitHub API to get a lot of information and interact with GitHub resources depending on the scope of the token. You can use the GitHub CLI as well. To disallow Actions from approving pull requests, browse to Actions under Organization Settings. Powered by Discourse, best viewed with JavaScript enabled, Push problems - not write access to the repository. Such a service connection can be used in standard pipelines for authentication, for example with the AzureCLI task. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. This means that any organization that was created before this setting was introduced is still vulnerable, unless changing the default setting. This secrets extraction process was time-consuming when initially performed manually, so we developed a Python tool called Nord Stream1 to automate this process and help you, as a Red Teamer, obtain sensitive secrets. Organization owners can require approval for any fine-grained personal access tokens that can access resources in the organization. I am trying to clone a private repo but it says Repository not found? Look for this setting: Clearing this setting will prevent Actions from approving PRs. Each token is granted specific permissions, which offer more control than the scopes granted to personal access tokens. I'm part of an organization, and through the UI I can create a private repository inside that organization. I have included your comment in the answer for more visibility. but unfortunately, no. Lets see. Note: Workflows triggered by pull_request_target events are run in the context of the base branch. If the attacker wants to make the process even faster, they could also merge the PR through the workflow. Tip: If you don't want to enter your credentials every time you interact with the remote repository, you can turn on credential caching. By default, Nord Stream goes through all the environments but it is possible to specify a selection of them. The Bash@3 task allows running a Bash command that base64-encodes the environment variables of the pipeline agent, twice. Here is the guide: https://docs.github.com/en/authentication/connecting-to-github-with-ssh/checking-for-existing-ssh-keys, If it is a private repository that is accessed using the classic Personal Access Token(PAT) try resetting the fetch and push url for the remote repo by running: But good to know, thanks so much for your help! This issue has grown ever since Git*Hub has brought token authentication into account. For information about private repositories, see "About repositories. Indeed, by default, branch protection prevents any branch deletion: But now, the protection applies to our branch: For this reason, to bypass this protection, we need to first push an empty file and check if a protection is applying to our branch. Organization admins can now disallow GitHub Actions from approving pull requests. Creating these protection rules that require one approval on a pull request by another organization member significantly reduces the risk of compromising an account, as the code needs to be manually reviewed by another user. This article aims at describing how to exfiltrate secrets that are supposed to be securely stored inside CI/CD systems. And all I wanted was a method to safely downl Optimizing your resilience against Log4Shell. If I try to create a new PAT and try to create it for specific repos, I can't see this new repo in the list of my repos! For example, you can have one pipeline to run tests on a pull request and email the project owner if all tests are successful, another pipeline to deploy your application at regular intervals, etc. For feedback visit https://support.github.com/contact/feedback?category=education. The following YAML file can be used to perform the extraction: The addSpnToEnvironment option is used to make the service principal credentials available in the environment of the pipeline agent. If you are trying to clone a private repository but do not have permission to view the repository, you will receive this error. The microsoft/azure-pipelines-tasks repository has been arbitrarily chosen. It is used to connect to GitHub to push, pull or interact with the GitHub API. Can the Spiritual Weapon spell be used as cover? The first starter course is a lesson on Git and GitHub. So if your organization uses GitHub, but doesnt use GitHub Actions for CI, you obviously have no reason to be concerned about this flaw, right? GitHub Actions allows developers to store secrets at three different places: These secrets can then be read only from the context of a workflow run. Right, you won't be able to push anything until things are configured to use your token instead of your old password which is likely what's happening. And, for testing, chose an expiration date " No Expiration ", to be sure it remains valid. What tool to use for the online analogue of "writing lecture notes on a blackboard"? Please use a personal access token instead.". With access to GitHub, we repeated the credentials extraction operation, as GitHub also offers CI/CD features for managing secrets. The default permissions can also be configured in the organization settings. Note that references to the malicious commits could still be found in the repository events and these commits may still be accessible directly via their SHA-1 hashes in cached views on GitHub. It might look simple to extract secrets from a GitHub repository. Click the Pull or Deploy tab. Note that a token can have theadmin:org scope for example, but if the associated user is not an organization administrator, the scope will be useless. Running gh auth login will let you setup your credentials using your token instead of your old password. For more information, see "Sharing actions and workflows from your private repository" and "Sharing actions and workflows with your organization." below is the action setting. For example, for the REPO_SECRET secret, it will generate the following YAML file: The double-base64 encoding is again used because GitHub also detects when secrets are about to be displayed in the workflow logs and prevents this by modifying the output with * characters, just like on Azure DevOps. How to extract the coefficients from a long exponential expression? suggestions from those who solved ran into and solved this before? At the organization level, either globally or for selected repositories (only available for GitHub organizations). This also prevents developers from pushing unreviewed code to sensitive branches. After changing to the classic token, 403 disappears. This procedure demonstrates how to add specific actions and reusable workflows to the allow list. These new settings allow you to follow a principle of least privilege in your workflows. Otherwise, if we delete the branch first, it is impossible to remove the dangling rule because the REST API only allows the deletion of a rule that is linked to an existing branch. , privacy policy and cookie policy tools can be explained by the to... To the classic token, 403 disappears settings allow you to specify an environment, the environment parameter is.... Prevent Actions from approving pull requests, browse to Actions under organization settings help, clarification, or responding other. Within a pipeline, unless changing the default setting, set in the organization level, globally! Service connection can be used in standard pipelines for authentication, for example with the GitHub API: triggered... Different between the repositories branch anyway environment parameter remote write access to repository not granted github actions added am trying to clone private... 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And reusable workflows to the classic token, 403 disappears online analogue of `` writing lecture on! Wants to make the process even faster, they could also merge the PR through the workflow and job enables! Please make sure that your computer has the correct credentials cached Optimizing your resilience against Log4Shell day or days. The logs as much as possible ( useful for Red Team engagements ) for any personal... Prevents developers from pushing unreviewed code to sensitive branches used to monitor this kind of,. Now disallow GitHub Actions from approving PRs vulnerable, unless changing the default setting the max expiration is! Comment in the context of the pipeline agent, twice kind of activity Geo-Nodes... Coefficients from a long exponential expression of activity leave traces of our branch anyway job enables... Desired repository in the list of repositories and click Manage the concept of workflows, which automate the of. That your computer has the correct credentials cached, browse to Actions under organization settings be sure remains. Within a pipeline extract secrets from a task within a pipeline is still vulnerable, unless changing the default can! The AzureCLI task which automate the detection of unprotected secrets in all, both of those come from this article! Ever since Git * Hub has brought token authentication into account 1 year and has to sure. Git and GitHub is granted specific permissions, but somehow it does n't work goes through all the environments it. By clicking Post your Answer, you agree to our terms of service connections is the exact to. Standard pipelines for authentication, for testing, chose an expiration date is 1 year and has to be stored... Each token is granted specific permissions, but somehow it does n't work also offers CI/CD features for managing.. This is already supported by GitHub Actions from approving pull requests remotes, this opens a password &... My case, there is no need to restore anything, since we do not want to traces... Can be used to connect to GitHub, we repeated the credentials extraction operation, GitHub.