His son, also named Alma, rebelled against everything he was taught. Bridger Walker and his sister. Brigham Young clearly wasn't free of his ex-wife just yet. Young did not learn of the assassination until early July. Young's six-year-old daughter Mary Ann died while he was on this mission. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? In such a framework, the message to "not interfere" would be subordinate to the main message: let nothing stand in the way of the Mormon-Paiute alliance. After meeting Joseph Smith, Young joined the Church of Christ in April 9, 1832. After marrying Abigail, John Young settled in Massachusetts. The Utah Territory was created by Congress as part of the Compromise of 1850, and as colonizer and founder of Salt Lake City, Young was appointed the territory's first governor and superintendent of American Indian affairs by President Millard Fillmore on February 3, 1851. [16] In 1831, five missionaries of the Latter Day Saint movementEleazer Miller, Elial Strong, Alpheus Gifford, Enos Curtis, and Daniel Bowencame from the branch of the church in Columbia, Pennsylvania to preach in Mendon. After Miriam died of consumption, Vilate continued to care for Brigham's children while he, Heber, and Joseph Young travelled to visit Joseph Smith in Kirtland, Ohio. Young had a somewhat mixed view of slavery which historian John G. Turner called a "bundle of contradictions". [142] Buchanan accepted the reports of the Runaway Officials without any further investigation, and the new non-sectarian governor was appointed and sent to the new territory accompanied by 2,500 soldiers. [45][46] Young campaigned against Bennett's allegations that Joseph Smith practiced "spiritual wifery"; Young knew of Smith's hidden practice of polygamy. Later, as Young is generally understood to have taught, Adam returned to the earth to become the biological father of Jesus. Within months, Harris and the others departed their Utah appointments without replacements being named, and their posts remained unfilled for the next two years. No. Hamblin said he was told by Young and Smith to keep quiet, but that "as soon as we can get a court of justice, we will ferret this thing out. On Tuesday, DJ Ferguson was in open-heart surgery to receive a mechanical heart pump, called a left ventricular assist device, which should keep him alive for up to five years, according to his parents, who worry about the toll the device will have on their son's quality of life. [18], Some time after Lee's meeting with Young, Jacob Hamblin said that he had heard a detailed description of the massacre and Mormon involvement from Lee and that Hamblin had reported it to Young and George A. Smith soon after the massacre. He encouraged independence and self-sufficiency. There is no debate concerning the involvement of individual Mormons from the surrounding communities by scholars. [177] There were fifty-six women who Young was sealed to during his lifetime. [66] Young led the church as president of the Quorum of the Twelve until December 5, 1847, when the quorum unanimously agreed to organize a new First Presidency with Young as president of the church. [19] In April 1832, a branch of the church was organized in Mendon; eight of the fifteen families were Youngs. They described the Book of Mormon as the "stick of Joseph" mentioned in Ezekiel 37. Provo, Utah: Religious Studies Center, Brigham Young University. He worked as a carpenter, glazier, and painter. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. But over time, Young's perspective shifted. As governor and church president, Young directed both religious and economic matters. The massacre lasted less than five minutes, but when it was. "[97] Seven years later in 1859, Young stated in an interview with the New York Tribune that he considered slavery a "divine institution not to be abolished". Brotherton signed an affidavit saying that she had been locked in Smith's office for two days while Young and others tried to convince her to accept polygamy. This blog does not store any files on its server. Joseph! Dates. Over the course of his nearly 40 years teaching at Brigham Young, Mr. Woodworth has served as an adviser for unofficial student beard clubs on several occasions. Decades later, Young's son, who was 13 in 1857, said that he was in the office during that meeting and that he remembered Lee blaming the massacre on the Native Americans. [123][124][125], Young is generally considered to have instituted a church ban against conferring the priesthood on men of black African descent, who had generally been treated equally to white men in this respect under Smith's presidency. [151] He is buried on the grounds of the Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument in the heart of Salt Lake City. An estimated 5,000 members were endowed between December 10, 1845 and February 1846. [87] During his time as governor, Young directed the establishment of settlements throughout present-day Utah, Idaho, Arizona, Nevada, California and parts of southern Colorado and northern Mexico. The horror of rape or sexual assault is traumatizing enough for any victim. Prosecutors in New York City are investigating an incident in which a jazz musician said his 14-year-old son was attacked by a woman who falsely accused him of taking her iPhone. From the time Spencer Cox announced his run for governor, he made it clear he was running with his wife. The LDS Church's Doctrine and Covenants contains one section from Young that has been canonized as scripture, added in 1876. [24] Lee was executed by firing squad at Mountain Meadows on March 23, 1877. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. [135] The Mormon Reformation called for a spiritual reawakening among members of the church, and took place largely in the Utah Territory. "[155], At the time of his death, Young was the wealthiest man in Utah, with an estimated personal fortune of $600,000 (equivalent to $15,300,000 in 2021).[153]. [193], Gregg Henry depicts Young in the fourth (2014) and fifth (2015) seasons of the TV series Hell on Wheels, a fictional story about the construction of the First transcontinental railroad. He was the second president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), from 1847 until his death in 1877. Do clownfish have a skeleton or exoskeleton. It was only after the fact, and after the end of the Civil War, that Young slowly realized just how mistaken his hope in a sudden Millennium was: the perpetrators of the MMM were being sought by the Federal courts. Conditions Governing Access. [170] Young also predicted a future in which Chinese and Japanese people would immigrate to America. Brigham Young, ca 1850 Brigham Young was born June 1, 1801 in Whittingham, Vermont. [7], On September 10, 1857, James Holt Haslam arrived in Salt Lake City, after experiencing long delays during his nearly 300-mile journey, to deliver a message to Young from the acting commander of the Iron County Brigade, Isaac C. His sisters were: Nancy Young Kent Fanny Young Murray Rhoda Young Green Nabby Young (who died young) Susannah Young Little Louisa. [25] After his return to Kirtland, Young did carpentry, painting and glazing work to earn money. At its prime, the alphabet was used in two Deseret News articles, two elementary readers, and in a translation of the Book of Mormon. Young was Utah's territorial governor from 1851 to 1858. [194] He encounters Joseph Smith and attempts to ambush his party of Mormons, but, rather than engaging with "the Clitoris Man", Smith shows mercy, rubbing one of the frogs that God has given him to have sex with to cure his AIDS on Young's face, curing his AIDS, and so moving him that he decides to convert to the faith. "Two missionaries of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, serving in the Colombia Cali mission were the victims of a robbery and assault. ", invoking the name of the late Joseph Smith Jr, founder of the Latter Day Saint movement. [15] Sometime in 1830, Young was introduced to the Book of Mormon by way of a copy that his brother, Phineas Howe, had obtained from Samuel H. Smith. A century after Young's death, historian Rodman W. Paul wrote,[161]. Haight and Dame were also the senior regional military leaders of the Mormon militia. If the white man who belongs to the chosen seed mixes his blood with the seed of Cain, the penalty, under the law of God, is death on the spot. Researchers compared young heart attack victims (<50 years vs. 40) using patient angiograms, a procedure that uses X-rays to see the heart's blood vessels and arteries. [134], During 1856 and 1857, a period of renewed emphasis on spirituality within the church known as the Mormon Reformation took place under Young's direction. Lee was arrested on November 7, 1874. In 1849, Young arranged for a printing press to be brought to the Salt Lake Valley, which was later used to print the Deseret News periodical. [79] Young spent just over a month in the Valley recovering from mountain fever before returning to Winter Quarters on August 31. Carter. [15] Bagley notes that Young often started his letters with broad generalizations with little meaning and then conceal the main message in one or two terse sentences in the middle of the text. 27 on the list. Joseph! [4], Young was born on June 1, 1801, in Whitingham, Vermont. Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, "Determining and Defining `Wife': The . [13] Young worked as a carpenter and joiner, and built and operated a saw mill. Many cities and towns in Utah, and some in neighboring states, were founded under Young's direction. [174], Young was a polygamist, having at least fifty-six wives. Joe . Trumpeter Keyon . [103] Young said, "I hope to see an Academy established in Provo at which the children of the Latter-day Saints can receive a good education unmixed with the pernicious atheistic influences that are found in so many of the higher schools of the country. Historians have come to different conclusions on whether contemporary records support this "transfiguration of Brigham Young" (also sometimes called the "mantle phenomenon") as an authentic experience, whatever its causation. Brigham Young, (born June 1, 1801, Whitingham, Vermont, U.S.died August 29, 1877, Salt Lake City, Utah), American religious leader, second president of the Mormon church, and colonizer who significantly influenced the development of the American West. Lyon, T. Edgar (1989). [35][27] In August 1837, Young went on another mission to the eastern states. As part of Young's vision of a pre-millennial "Kingdom of God," Young established colonies along the California and Old Spanish Trails, where Mormon officials governed as leaders of church, state, and military. For two years, the monument stood as a memorial to those travelling the Spanish Trail through Mountain Meadow. Dates 1940-1970 Creator Mackay, Eleanor White (Person) Language of Materials Materials are in English. "[104] The school broke off from the University of Deseret and became Brigham Young Academy in 1876 under the leadership of Karl G. Maeser,[104] and was the precursor to Brigham Young University. This will always be so. With Tyrone Power, Linda Darnell, Dean Jagger, Brian Donlevy. [44], During his time in Nauvoo, Joseph Smith introduced the doctrine of plural marriage among church leaders. Arthur Conan Doyle based his first Sherlock Holmes novel, A Study in Scarlet, on Mormon history, mentioning Young by name. Young's father, two brothers, and sister had already moved to Mendon before he did. During time as prophet and governor, Young encouraged each bishop to establish a grade school for his congregation, which would be supported by volunteer work and tithing payments. He then stayed for a short time in Dublin, Indiana with his brother Lorenzo before moving to Far West, Missouri in 1838. Lucy was still married to William Seeley when Young married her. He also provisioned the building of the Endowment House, a "temporary temple" which began to be used in 1855 to provide temple ordinances to church members while the Salt Lake Temple was under construction. [149] It is believed that he died of peritonitis from a ruptured appendix. An empathy crisis. We only index and link to content provided on other servers. It was only after the fact, and after the end of the Civil War, that Young slowly realized just how mistaken his hope in a sudden Millennium was: the perpetrators of the MMM were being sought by the Federal courts. He also helped organize the local forensic and oratorical society. Brigham Young tried to stop the massacre. [22] During the visit, Brigham spoke in a tongue that Smith identified as the "Adamic language". [8] Young reported having a strict Puritan-style Christian upbringing. He founded Salt Lake City and served as the first governor of the Utah Territory. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. He also led the Anointed Quorum. Brigham Young was born on June 1, 1801, in Whitingham, Vermont, to John and Abigail Young. . For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. The proclamation is very clear: . During the defense of Utah, now called the Utah War, Young held the U.S. Army at bay for a winter by taking their cattle and burning supply wagons. Just four days after arriving in the Salt Lake Valley, Young designated the location for the Salt Lake Temple; he presided over its groundbreaking years later on April 6, 1853. He dedicated his talents to the LDS church throughout his life, and his ideas and leadership shaped the colonization of Utah and the Intermountain West. Under Smith's leadership, Young participated in the building of the Kirtland and Nauvoo temples. [74] Young arrived in the Salt Lake Valley on July 24, 1847, a date now recognized as Pioneer Day in Utah. Brigham Young and William Smith discredited Brotherton's character, and Brotherton herself did not associate with the church afterwards. By 1870, it had all but disappeared from use.[108]. Young acknowledged that the doctrine was challenging for many women, but stated its necessity for creating large families, proclaiming: "But the first wife will say, 'It is hard, for I have lived with my husband twenty years, or thirty, and have raised a family of children for him, and it is a great trial to me for him to have more women;' then I say it is time that you gave him up to other women who will bear children. [177] Thirty-one of his wives were not connubial and had exchanged eternity-only vows with him and he had children by sixteen of his wives. [144], The degree of Young's involvement in the Mountain Meadows massacre, which took place in Washington County in 1857, is disputed. According to Wilford Woodruff, in 1861 Young brought an entourage to Mountain Meadows and suggested that the monument instead read "Vengeance is mine and I have taken a little". Young was played by Dean Jagger in the 1940 film Brigham Young. History of Brigham Young, entry dated Jan. 5, 1852, Church Historians Office Records Collection, LDS Church Archives (quoted in Ricks, A Peculiar Place, 114). Young knew her father, Isaac Decker, in New York. Brigham Young (/ b r m /; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American religious leader and politician. He was the President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death in 1877. At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women-19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. Later, after taking up the mantle of Mormon leader following Smith's death from dysentery, Young is among those visited by Jesus and told to have as much sex as they possibly can, to ensure the propagation of the Mormon faith.[194]. Young negotiated with Stephen A. Douglas and agreed to lead church members out of Nauvoo in the spring in exchange for peace. [136] At a church meeting on September 21, 1856, Brigham Young stated: We need a reformation in the midst of this people; we need a thorough reform.[137] Large gatherings and meetings during this period were conducted by Young and Grant, and Young played a key role in the circulation of the Mormon Reformation with his emphasis on plural marriage, rebaptism, and passionate preaching and oration. Young is the longest-serving president of the LDS Church to date, having served for 29 years. [68] With the repealing of Nauvoo's charter in January 1845, church members in Nauvoo lost their courts, police, and militia, leaving them vulnerable to attacks by mobs. At the north end of the Beehive House was a family store, at which Young's wives and children had running accounts and could buy what they needed. The Compromise of 1850 instead carved out Utah Territory and Young was appointed governor. He averred that Chinese and Japanese immigrants would need to be governed by white men as they would have no understanding of government. Young performed the sealing ordinances for two of Joseph Smith's plural wives in early 1842. [147], Before his death in Salt Lake City on August 29, 1877,[148] Young was suffering from cholera morbus and inflammation of the bowels. 1,204,523 People also liked Matthew Easton, a 24-year-old political science major, told an audience of thousands, "I'm not broken." [1][2] Evidence as to whether or not Young ordered the attack on the migrant column is conflicted. As a church leader, Brigham Young stood in marked contrast to his predecessor, the charismatic, idealistic, and theologically innovative Joseph Smith. [33] He oversaw the finishing of the Kirtland temple and spoke in tongues at its dedication in 1836. In the Season 5 mid-season finale, "False Prophets", Young's son, Phineas, attempts to murder his father. [165][166] However, two weeks later Young declared himself a "firm believer in slavery". [175] The policy and practice of polygamy was difficult for many in the church to accept. Persuaded by The Swede, Phineas believed he was the chosen one to go forward to lead the Mormons, instead of his father. He cited as his reason for this that he was ready to relieve himself from the burden of "secular affairs. [31][32] In August 1835, Young and the rest of the Quorum of the Twelve issued a testimony in support of the divine origin of the Doctrine and Covenants. Young was also one of the first to subscribe to Union Pacific stock, for the construction of the First transcontinental railroad. Chris Evans, Mark Ruffalo and More Avengers Praise Little Boy Who Saved Sister in Dog Attack. Some Latter Day Saint denominations, such as the Community of Christ, consider Young the "Father of Mormon Polygamy". On many occasions, Young taught that blacks were denied the priesthood because they were "the seed of Cain. Term ended by removal of apostleship; was later excommunicated. [11] Their daughter, Elizabeth, was born on September 26, 1825. With the onset of the Panic of 1819, Jeffries dismissed Young from his apprenticeship and Young moved to Port Byron, which was then called Bucksville. In his will, Young shared his estate with the sixteen surviving wives who had lived with him; the six surviving non-conjugal wives were not mentioned in the will. [126] After settling in Utah in 1848, Young announced the ban,[126] which also forbade blacks from participating in Mormon temple rites such as the endowment or sealings. The Center also supported student training for life-long temple and family history service. [52] Young travelled east with Wilford Woodruff and George A. Smith from July to October 1843 on a mission to raise funds for the Nauvoo temple and its guesthouse. Brigham Young ( / brm /; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. Young did not immediately accept the divine claims of the Book of Mormon. In the early 1850s, he expressed some support for the antislavery "free soil" position in American politics,[164] and in January 1852, he declared in a speech that "no property can or should be recognized as existing in slaves", suggesting opposition to the existence of slavery. BYU, which is owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, forbids sexual activity among members of the student body, much less between a . [80] Young's expedition was one of the largest and one of the best organized westward treks, and he made various trips back and forth between the Salt Lake Valley and Winter Quarters to assist other companies in their journeys. Young's siblings and their spouses were baptized that year or the year afterwards. [Joseph Smith] was succeeded by one of the outstanding organizers of the 19th century, Brigham Young. [81], After three years of leading the church as the President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, Young reorganized a new First Presidency and was sustained as the second president of the church on December 27, 1847 at Winter Quarters. He was initially skeptical on whether or not the school's administration would allow the speech but received a message of encouragement from the administrator who reviewed his speech, telling him it was great and to . These included a wagon express company, a ferryboat company, a railroad and the manufacturing of processed lumber, wool, sugar beets, iron, and liquor. [43] Young served another mission to the Eastern seaboard. These wives bore him children after they moved to Utah. There are no other trains going south that I know of[.] [37] He became the oldest member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles when David Patten died after the Battle of Crooked River. Young petitioned the U.S. Congress to create the State of Deseret. [12], However, by the time that the express rider delivered Young's letter to Haight, the massacre at Mountain Meadows had already taken place. [40][41] Young also served in various leadership and community organization roles among church members in Nauvoo. Doyle's daughter stated: "You know father would be the first to admit that his first Sherlock Holmes novel was full of errors about the Mormons. [107], Young also organized a committee to refine the Deseret alphabeta phonetic alphabet which had been developed sometime between 1847 and 1854. [46] Eight of Young's plural marriages in Nauvoo were to Joseph Smith's widows. the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, President of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, priesthood on men of black African descent, issued a "selective extermination" order against male Timpanogos, vast arid West between the Rockies and the Sierra Nevada, List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States, "Brigham Young Biography: Facts of Faith", "Brigham Young (18011877) | FamilySearch", 10.1093/anb/9780198606697.article.0801714, "The Religious and Family Background of Brigham Young", "Setting the Record Straight: Brigham Young's Baptism Date", "The Mantle of the Prophet Joseph Passes to Brother Brigham: One Hundred Twenty-nine Testimonies of a Collective Spiritual Witness", "The Making of a Mormon Myth: The 1844 Transfiguration of Brigham Young", "Utah's new capitol grows from humble beginning; first political sessions were held in council house; fight for statehood", "Open Hand and Mailed Fist: MormonIndian Relations in Utah, 184752", "Looking back at 'Mormon Gold' coins, other historical Utah currencies", "The Beginnings of the University of Utah", "Brigham Young: We Must Believe in Slavery (23 January 1852)", "Education among the Mormons: Brigham Young and the Schools of Utah", "History of the Ladies' Mutual Improvement Association of the Church of Jesus Christ of L.D.S., from November 1869 to June 1910, page 93", "Vol.1, Ch.4: Brigham Young: The Father of Mormon Polygamy", "The People of God Disciplined By TrialsAtonement By the Shedding of BloodOur Heavenly FatherA Privilege Given to All the Married Sisters in Utah", "The Orson PrattBrigham Young Controversies: Conflict Within the Quorums, 1853 to 1868", "Jehovah as the Father: The Development of the Mormon Jehovah Doctrine", "Mormonism and Capital Punishment: A Doctoral Perspective, Past and Present", Comprehensive History of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, "Letter from Bruce R. McConkie to Thomas B. McAffee", https://www.deseret.com/2010/6/18/20122138/mormon-church-statement-on-blood-atonement, "Chapter 3: Mormonism's Negro Doctrine: An Historical Overview", "Brigham Young against a then-fashionable scientific form of racism", "Brigham Young and Priesthood Denial to the Blacks: An Alternate View", "The Mormon Church Disavows Its Racist Past But Still Offers No Apology", "The Mormon Reformation of 1856-1857: The Rhetoric and the Reality", "The causes of the Mormon reformation of 1856-57", "Mormonism and Capital Punishment: A Doctrinal Perspective, Past and Present", "Reopening a Mormon Murder Mystery; New Accusations That Brigham Young Himself Ordered an 1857 Massacre of Pioneers", Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, September 10, 1857, "Art: Sculpture Statues: Brigham Young", "The Possessive Investment in Rightness: White Supremacy and the Mormon Movement", "People & Events Polygamy and the Church: A History", "Descendants of Brigham Young to Hold Annual Mass Meetings", "Brigham Young's descendants give rocking chair to Mormon church", "Mahonri Young | Smithsonian American Art Museum", "From Sherlock Holmes to Godzilla: The Mormon Image in Comics", "The Necessity of the Saints Living up to the Light Which Has Been Given Them", The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints titles, Foundation for Ancient Research and Mormon Studies, Presidents of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brigham_Young&oldid=1142007408, American general authorities (LDS Church), American Mormon missionaries in the United Kingdom, Recipients of American presidential pardons, Presidents of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (LDS Church), Apostles of the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints), Burials at the Mormon Pioneer Memorial Monument, Latter Day Saint biography Infobox with missing parameters, Pages using infobox Latter Day Saint biography with unsupported parameters, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2021, Harold B. Lee Library-related 19th century articles, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Initial organization of Quorum of the Twelve, This page was last edited on 28 February 2023, at 01:13. The study included a total of 2,097 young patients (<50 years) admitted for a heart attack in two large hospitals. Never a member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. Two of the southernmost establishments were Parowan and Cedar City, led respectively by stake presidents William H. Dame and Isaac C. Haight. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? Brigham Young: Directed by Henry Hathaway. The game in question was against Brigham Young University, as part of the Mountain West semifinals. The Beehive House and the Lion House remain as prominent Salt Lake City landmarks. When Amelia became part of the Young family in January 1863, she did not immediately move in with her sister-wives. [67], Before departing Nauvoo, Young focused on completing the Nauvoo temple. 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